The structure of the European Union, headquartered in Brussels, operates through a division of authority among several key institutions, rather than being governed by a single national leader. The overall power dynamic involves multiple actors who negotiate and drive policy change. The three primary components of the European governance system are the European Council, the European Commission, and the European Parliament.
The European Council, which functions as the group of strategists, comprises the presidents and prime ministers of the 27 member states. This body is responsible for setting the overarching goals and determining the broad strategic direction for the Union. Currently, Antonio Costa serves as the president of the European Council.
The European Commission acts as the executive arm of the EU. This institution is tasked with drafting proposed legislation, managing the day-to-day operational functions, and overseeing the implementation of EU policies. Ursula von der Leyen holds the position of President of the Commission.
Finally, the European Parliament serves as the legislative body directly accountable to the electorate. Members of this Parliament are elected directly by EU citizens, giving them the authority to vote on legislation and represent the voice of the people across the Union. Together, these three pillars form the complex framework through which policy is developed and enacted within the European Union.
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